{"id":11609,"date":"2025-11-27T09:42:12","date_gmt":"2025-11-27T09:42:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pne.md\/?p=11609"},"modified":"2025-11-27T09:43:37","modified_gmt":"2025-11-27T09:43:37","slug":"studiu-impozitarea-muncii-in-republica-moldova","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pne.md\/en\/blog\/studiu-impozitarea-muncii-in-republica-moldova\/","title":{"rendered":"Studiu PNE: Accelerarea cre\u0219terii economice necesit\u0103 reforme structurale \u2013 simpla ajustare a impozit\u0103rii muncii, fie sectorial\u0103, fie general\u0103, nu este suficient\u0103 pentru a genera o traiectorie de dezvoltare sustenabil\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"

Accelerarea cre\u0219terii economice, formalizarea ocup\u0103rii for\u021bei de munc\u0103 \u0219i convergen\u021ba cu economia european\u0103 necesit\u0103 un pachet amplu de politici fiscale \u0219i structurale, care s\u0103 stimuleze productivitatea, investi\u021biile \u0219i ocuparea. Este nevoie de politici de stimulare a ofertei interne, angajarea unui volum continuu \u0219i sporit de investi\u021bii str\u0103ine, investi\u021bii publice mai substan\u021biale \u0219i reforme structurale pe pia\u021ba muncii. Reducerea impozit\u0103rii factorului munc\u0103, frecvent propus\u0103 \u0219i discutat\u0103 ca solu\u021bie pentru impulsionarea economiei, nu este suficient\u0103 pentru a genera o cre\u0219tere economic\u0103 semnificativ\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aceasta este una dintre principalele concluzii ale studiului \u201eImpozitarea muncii \u00een Republica Moldova: provoc\u0103ri actuale \u0219i direc\u021bii de reform\u0103<\/strong>\u201d, realizat de Asocia\u021bia Ob\u0219teasc\u0103 \u201ePartnerships for the New Economy<\/strong>\u201d cu sprijinul Funda\u021biei Ford.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Studiu<\/figure>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

Cercetarea, care utilizeaz\u0103 un model de echilibru general aplicat (MEGA) pentru a evalua impactul unei reforme fiscale, face parte din eforturile PNE de a promova elaborarea de politici publice bazate pe dovezi, \u00een contextul apropierii Republicii Moldova de Uniunea European\u0103. Autorii studiului – Dumitru P\u00e2ntea<\/a><\/strong>, Iurie Morcot\u00eelo<\/a><\/strong>, Marcel Sp\u0103tari<\/strong>, Vadim Gumene<\/a><\/strong> and Valeriu Prohni\u021bchi<\/a><\/strong> au efectuat o analiz\u0103 ampl\u0103 a sistemului de impozitare a muncii \u0219i a op\u021biunilor de reform\u0103 care s\u0103 echilibreze interesele statului, angajatorilor \u0219i angaja\u021bilor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

\u201eO reform\u0103 fiscal\u0103 sustenabil\u0103 nu se reduce la ajustarea cotelor de impozitare. Este nevoie de o abordare sistemic\u0103, care s\u0103 stimuleze productivitatea \u0219i investi\u021biile, s\u0103 reduc\u0103 munca informal\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 creeze condi\u021bii echitabile pe pia\u021ba muncii\u201d,<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

he stated Dumitru P\u00e2ntea<\/strong>, expert asociat PNE.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Impozitarea muncii este men\u021bionat\u0103 printre cele mai stringente probleme la nivelul mediului de afaceri. Costul for\u021bei de munc\u0103, nivelul de impozitare sau accesul la personal calificat sunt adesea men\u021bionate printre cele mai mari provoc\u0103ri cu care se confrunt\u0103 antreprenorii autohtoni. Aceste constr\u00e2ngeri sunt reflectate cu claritate \u00een Barometrul \u201eAntreprenorii care construiesc viitorul Republicii Moldova\u201d<\/a><\/strong> , care surprinde percep\u021biile \u0219i inten\u021biile strategice ale companiilor \u00een raport cu for\u021ba de munc\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

\u201e\u00cen r\u00e2ndul mediului de afaceri autohton costul for\u021bei de munc\u0103 \u0219i nivelul impozit\u0103rii acesteia sunt adesea percepute \u00een corela\u021bie cu productivitatea muncii. Firmele care reu\u0219esc s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i creasc\u0103 semnificativ productivitatea pot gestiona mai u\u0219or povara fiscal\u0103 asociat\u0103 salariilor \u00een timp ce pentru cele cu productivitate sc\u0103zut\u0103, impozitarea muncii devine o constr\u00e2ngere major\u0103. Acest decalaj \u00eentre sectoarele economice accentueaz\u0103 divergen\u021bele \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te percep\u021bia asupra impozit\u0103rii muncii\u201d, <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

se arat\u0103 \u00een studiu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La nivel macroeconomic, economia na\u021bional\u0103 este caracterizat\u0103 printr-o pondere ridicat\u0103 a sectoarelor cu productivitate redus\u0103, ceea ce face ca subiectul salariilor \u0219i al impozit\u0103rii muncii s\u0103 fie frecvent \u00een centrul dezbaterilor publice, al polemicilor \u0219i, uneori, al interpret\u0103rilor manipulatorii. De obicei, modific\u0103rile propuse se concentreaz\u0103 mai degrab\u0103 pe combaterea muncii informale \u0219i constau, \u00een principal, \u00een facilit\u0103\u021bi fiscale aplicabile unor categorii limitate de activit\u0103\u021bi economice. \u00cen acest context, studiul a analizat nivelului de impozitare a factorului munc\u0103 \u00een Republica Moldova precum \u0219i a modelat c\u00e2teva posibile scenarii de reform\u0103 fiscal\u0103 dintr-o perspectiv\u0103 macroeconomic\u0103 \u0219i bugetar-fiscal\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Studiul este structurat pe trei capitole: impozitarea muncii \u00een Republica Moldova \u0219i
implica\u021biile demografice pentru politicile fiscale; particularit\u0103\u021bile impozit\u0103rii
muncii \u0219i op\u021biunile de reform\u0103 a cadrului de impozitare a muncii. Studiul prezint\u0103
c\u00e2teva scenarii de reform\u0103 \u0219i evalueaz\u0103 impactul de echilibru economic general.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Cercetarea analizeaz\u0103 efectele unei reforme fiscale care are dou\u0103 componente
principale: (i) reducerea primei de asigurare obligatorie de asisten\u021b\u0103 medical\u0103
pl\u0103tite de angaja\u021bi sau a contribu\u021biei de asigur\u0103ri sociale pl\u0103tite de angajatori \u0219i (i)
aplicarea unor m\u0103suri compensatorii de cre\u0219tere uniform\u0103 de TVA. Ideea din
spatele reformei este s\u0103 stimuleze cre\u0219terea economic\u0103, trec\u00e2nd de la impozitarea
muncii la impozitarea consumului, f\u0103r\u0103 a schimba prea mult nivelul total al taxelor
pl\u0103tite.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ideea din spatele reformei este s\u0103 stimuleze cre\u0219terea economic\u0103, trec\u00e2nd de la impozitarea muncii la impozitarea consumului, f\u0103r\u0103 a schimba prea mult nivelul total al taxelor pl\u0103tite.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cu toate acestea, rezultatele simul\u0103rilor arat\u0103 c\u0103 reducerea nivelului contribu\u021biilor la sistemul medical sau la cel social genereaz\u0103 doar un efect economic modest. \u00cen majoritatea cazurilor, oamenii folosesc banii economisi\u021bi pentru consum \u0219i aproape deloc pentru economii sau investi\u021bii. Statul, prin investi\u021biile sale, pare s\u0103 fie mai eficient dec\u00e2t gospod\u0103riile \u00een stimularea economiei, mai ales c\u0103 multe familii au economii mici sau sunt \u00eendatorate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pe de alt\u0103 parte, majorarea TVA reduce consumul \u0219i afecteaz\u0103 negativ economia. Combinate, cele dou\u0103 m\u0103suri nu ar duce la cre\u0219tere semnificativ\u0103 a PIB-ului \u0219i chiar ar afecta cre\u0219terea acestuia. Astfel, pentru stimularea cre\u0219terii economice este nevoie de un pachet de reforme mai ample, care s\u0103 includ\u0103 nu doar componente de politic\u0103 fiscal\u0103, dar \u0219i structural\u0103 \u2013 m\u0103suri active de ocupare \u0219i sus\u021binere a capacit\u0103\u021bii productive a firmelor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Deschide studiul<\/a> (fi\u0219ier PDF, 3.7 MB, se va deschide \u00een tab nou).<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Accelerarea cre\u0219terii economice, formalizarea ocup\u0103rii for\u021bei de munc\u0103 \u0219i convergen\u021ba cu economia european\u0103 necesit\u0103 un pachet amplu de politici fiscale \u0219i structurale, care s\u0103 stimuleze productivitatea, investi\u021biile \u0219i ocuparea. Este nevoie de politici de stimulare a ofertei interne, angajarea unui volum continuu \u0219i sporit de investi\u021bii str\u0103ine, investi\u021bii publice mai […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":11613,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11609","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noutati"],"yoast_head":"\nStudiu PNE: Accelerarea cre\u0219terii economice necesit\u0103 reforme structurale \u2013 simpla ajustare a impozit\u0103rii muncii, fie sectorial\u0103, fie general\u0103, nu este suficient\u0103 pentru a genera o traiectorie de dezvoltare sustenabil\u0103 - PNE<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Accelerarea cre\u0219terii economice, formalizarea ocup\u0103rii for\u021bei de munc\u0103 \u0219i convergen\u021ba cu economia european\u0103 necesit\u0103 un pachet amplu de politici fiscale\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pne.md\/en\/blog\/studiu-impozitarea-muncii-in-republica-moldova\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Studiu PNE: Accelerarea cre\u0219terii economice necesit\u0103 reforme structurale \u2013 simpla ajustare a impozit\u0103rii muncii, fie sectorial\u0103, fie general\u0103, nu este suficient\u0103 pentru a genera o traiectorie de dezvoltare sustenabil\u0103 - 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